Marmaray
Marmaray is a 76.3-kilometer (47.4 mi) commuter rail line in Istanbul, Turkey, which runs beneath the Bosporus strait connecting the European and Asian sides of the city. The line is operated by the Turkish State Railways (TCDD) and has 43 stations, 34 of which are underground. Marmaray is the only rail line in the world that passes under a sea.
The construction of Marmaray began in 2004 and was completed in 2013. The line was officially opened on October 29, 2013, and has since become one of the busiest commuter rail lines in Turkey.
Marmaray has significantly reduced travel times between the European and Asian sides of Istanbul. Before the construction of the line, it could take up to two hours to travel between the two sides of the city by car or bus. With Marmaray, the travel time is now just 15 minutes.
The line has also had a major impact on the city’s economy. The construction of Marmaray created thousands of jobs and helped to stimulate the local economy. The line has also made it easier for people to live and work on either side of the Bosporus, which has led to increased economic growth.
Marmaray is a major transportation project that has had a significant impact on Istanbul. The line has made it easier for people to travel between the European and Asian sides of the city, and it has also helped to stimulate the city’s economy.
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