Statement from the Council of Chief Medical Officers of Health on Addressing the Growing Concern of Syphilis in Canada
February 14, 2025
The Council of Chief Medical Officers of Health (CCMOH) is deeply concerned about the significant increase in syphilis cases reported in Canada. In 2024, over 5,000 cases were reported, the highest number in 30 years. This alarming trend poses a serious threat to public health.
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It can cause a wide range of symptoms, including sores on the genitals, mouth, or rectum; skin rashes; fever; and neurological complications. If left untreated, syphilis can lead to serious health problems, including blindness, paralysis, and even death.
The rise in syphilis cases in Canada is particularly concerning among certain populations, including gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM), as well as Indigenous Peoples. In 2024, MSM accounted for over 80% of all reported syphilis cases, and Indigenous Peoples were disproportionately affected compared to the general population.
The CCMOH attributes the increase in syphilis cases to several factors, including:
- Reduced condom use: There has been a decline in condom use, particularly among MSM, which is a major risk factor for STI transmission.
- Increased sexual activity: The rise in syphilis cases may be linked to increased sexual activity and partner turnover, especially among MSM.
- STI stigma: Stigma associated with STIs, including syphilis, can prevent people from seeking timely testing and treatment.
- Inadequate access to testing and treatment: Barriers to accessing STI testing and treatment, such as cost and availability, may contribute to the spread of syphilis.
The CCMOH is committed to addressing the growing concern of syphilis in Canada and has developed a comprehensive action plan to reduce transmission and improve outcomes for those affected by the infection. The key strategies include:
- Promoting condom use: Health authorities will intensify efforts to promote condom use, particularly among MSM and other high-risk populations.
- Expanding STI testing and treatment: The government will invest in expanding STI testing and treatment services, including increasing the availability of free or low-cost testing and making treatment more accessible.
- Reducing STI stigma: Public health campaigns will be launched to reduce stigma associated with STIs and encourage people to seek testing and treatment.
- Surveillance and research: The CCMOH will continue to monitor the syphilis epidemic in Canada and conduct research to identify risk factors and develop effective prevention and control measures.
The CCMOH urges all Canadians to take steps to protect themselves from syphilis, including using condoms consistently, getting tested regularly for STIs, and seeking treatment promptly if infected. Individuals who are experiencing any symptoms of syphilis should see a healthcare provider immediately.
By working together, we can reduce the spread of syphilis in Canada and improve the health of all Canadians.
Council of Chief Medical Officers of Health
For more information, please contact:
Public Health Agency of Canada Media Relations 613-957-2983
Statement from the Council of Chief Medical Officers of Health on Addressing the Growing Concern of Syphilis in Canada
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