Makar Sankranti
Makar Sankranti is a Hindu festival celebrated in India and Nepal to mark the transition of the sun into the zodiac sign of Capricorn (Makara). It is observed on January 14th or 15th every year, depending on the lunar calendar. The festival marks the end of the winter solstice and the beginning of longer days.
Significance of Makar Sankranti
Makar Sankranti is associated with several mythological and cultural beliefs. According to the Bhagavad Gita, the sun god Surya begins his northward journey (Uttarayana) from Makara on this day. This is believed to bring in auspiciousness and prosperity.
The festival also commemorates the victory of the gods over the demons. The demon king Bali was defeated on Makar Sankranti, and the festival is celebrated as a symbol of good triumphing over evil.
Celebrations and Customs
Makar Sankranti is celebrated with great joy and enthusiasm across India and Nepal. Some of the common customs associated with the festival include:
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Taking a dip in holy rivers: Devotees believe that bathing in sacred rivers like the Ganges or Yamuna on Makar Sankranti washes away sins and brings purification.
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Flying kites: Kite flying is a popular activity during Makar Sankranti. People of all ages enjoy flying colorful kites, which symbolize the sun’s journey northward.
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Eating sweet dishes: Sweets made with sesame seeds and jaggery are traditional delicacies consumed on Makar Sankranti. These dishes are believed to bring warmth and energy during the winter months.
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Offering prayers: People offer prayers to the sun god Surya and seek his blessings for prosperity and good fortune.
Regional Variations
Makar Sankranti is celebrated with different names and customs in various parts of India. In Tamil Nadu, it is known as Pongal, and it is celebrated for four days. In Assam, it is called Bihu and is associated with harvest and fertility. In Punjab, the festival is known as Lohri and is celebrated with bonfires and traditional folk dances.
Conclusion
Makar Sankranti is a vibrant and colorful festival that marks the transition from winter to spring. It is a time for joy, purification, and the renewal of hope and optimism. The festival is celebrated with various customs and traditions across India and Nepal, showcasing the rich cultural diversity of the region.
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